Data mode

During normal readout (i.e. not raw mode), there are 4 data associated with each channel. These are:

• error calculated based on Series-Array Signal sampled by the ADC: <math> error= \sum_1^{sample\_num} (adc\_reading - adc\_offset)</math>
• sq1_fb or feedback applied by the MCE to the SQ1 calculated as: <math>sq1\_fb_{n+1} = [(gainp * error_n)+ (gaini * \sum_1^n error)+(gaind * (error_n - error_{n-1})))] / [2^{12})]</math>
• sq1_fb_filtered or the low-pass filtered SQ1 feedback (see 4-pole Butterworth low-pass filter ). The effective DC gain, including quantization error, is approximately 1218.

• num_flux_jumps or flux-jump counter

Depending on the data mode, these values will be windowed in a different way. The notes in the table below explain the windowing, in terms of how many bits are reported and the relative scaling of the windowed value relative to some reference data mode.

See notes for [[mas_data.pro[[, an IDL script to extract MCE data.

(Current as of Revision 4.0.c)

Data Mode	Summary	Pixel-Data Description	RC Firmware Revision
0	Error	32b (signed) co-added Error signal err[31:0]. error_mode0 = error	all
1	Feedback	32b (signed) SQ1 Feedback data fb[31:0]. When servo_mode = 3: feedback_mode1 = sq1_fb * 2^12	all
2	Filtered feedback	32b (signed) low-pass filtered SQ1 feedback data fb[31:0]. flt_fb_mode2 = sq1_fb_filtered	2.0.5 and later
3	Raw 50 MHz	Raw 50 MHz ADC samples raw[13:6]. raw_mode3 = (adc_reading – adc_offset) / (26), except in rev. 4.3.7 where all 14 bits are reported.	Only 3.0.6, 3.0.16, 3.0.25, 4.1.7, 4.2.7, 4.3.7
4	18:14 Mixed	Signed 18b SQ1 feedback fb[31] & fb[28:12] + signed 14b coadded error signal err[31] & err[12:0]. feedback_mode4 = sq1_fb / (212) error_mode4 = error	2.0.9 and later
5	24:8 mixed	Signed 24b SQ1 feedback fb[31:8] + signed 8b num_flux_jumps fj[7:0]. feedback_mode5 = sq1_fb / (28)	all
6 obsolete	18:14 mixed	Signed 18b filtered data filter[31] & filter[27:11] + signed 14b coadded error signal err[31] & err[12:0]. filtered_fb_mode6 = sq1_fb_filtered / (211) error_mode6 = error	3.0.30 to 4.0.6 only
7	22:10 mixed	Signed 22b filtered data filter[31] & filter[27:7] + signed 10b coadded error signal err[31] & err[12:4]. filtered_fb_mode7 = sq1_fb_filtered / (27) error_mode7 = error / (24)	4.0.2 and later
8 obsolete	24:8 mixed	Signed 24b filtered data filter[31:8] + signed 8b num_flux_jumps fj[7:0]. filtered_fb_mode8 = sq1_fb_filtered / (28)	4.0.4 only
9	24:8 mixed	Signed 24b filtered data filter[31] & filter[23:1] + signed 8b num_flux_jumps fj[7:0]. filtered_fb_mode9 = sq1_fb_filtered/ (21)	4.0.5 and later
10	25:7 mixed	Signed 25b filtered data filter[27:3] + signed 7b num_flux_jumps fj[6:0]. filtered_fb_mode10 = sq1_fb_filtered / (23)	4.1.6, 4.0.b and later

Note regarding units

The scaling is quoted as being relative to some reference data mode. For example, in data mode 4, if I were to observe the same system's feedback in data_mode 4 and data_mode 1, and call the two measurements fb_4 and fb_1, then I would expect

 fb_4 = fb_1 >> 12 = floor[ fb_1 / 2^12 ]

where >> denotes the right-bit-shift operator.

The reference data modes for error, sq1fb and filtered sq1fb are, respectively, 0, 1, and 2. In these modes, the meaning of the data are as follows:

Signal	Reference data mode	Description
co-added error	0	Co-added error for the current internal MCE frame. For ADC readings Y, adc_offset Yo and where n is the sample_num, the error e is <math>e = \sum_1^n (Y - Y_0)</math>, where n is sample_num.
SQ1 feedback	1	Calculated squid1 feedback. Note that this number should be distinguished from the sq1_DAC value, which is obtained from bits [25:12] of the SQ1 feedback. When flux-jumping is active, an integer multiple of the flux_quanta value will be subtracted from sq1_DAC prior to application to the DAC.
filtered SQ1 feedback	2	The output from the 4-pole Butterworth low-pass filter . The input to the filter is the SQ1 feedback signal. The effective DC gain, including quantization error, is approximately 1216.

Please note that, by default, mas_data.pro will rescale data in the following way:

• error signals are rescaled to match the units of data mode 0.
• sq1 feedback is rescaled to sq1_DAC units (i.e. data mode 1 divided by 2¹²)
• filtered sq1 feedback is rescaled to the units of data mode 2.